Emotions - a special class of subjective psychological conditions that reflect in the form of direct experiences, pleasant or unpleasant feelings, human relations towards peace and the people, process and results of his action. K class emotions are strong feelings, affects, passions, stresses. This so-called "clean" emotion. They are included in all mental processes and the human condition. Any manifestation of his activity accompanied by emotional experiences.

In humans, the primary function of emotions is that because of the emotions, we can better understand each other, we can not use this speech to judge the conditions and each other better setup to communicate and work together. Remarkable, for example, is the fact that people belonging to different cultures, can be safely taken and evaluate the expression human face on it to identify emotional states such as joy, anger, sadness, fear, disgust, surprise. This particularly applies to those people who never were in contact with each other.

. This fact not only proves congenital nature of the core emotions and their expression on the face, but also the availability phenogenotypically tied to the ability of their understanding of the living beings. This, as we have seen, refers to the communication of living beings not only one type with one another, but different species among themselves. It is well known that higher animals and people are capable of expressing a person to perceive and evaluate the emotional state of one another.

More recently, studies have shown that in the same way as people who can not only "read" in the face of their wild emotional states, but also them, feeling, perhaps with the same emotions as a pet, which they empathize.

In one experiment, which tested such a hypothesis monkey was forced to watch while her eyes to punish another monkey, which, however, apparently experienced vividly demonstrated condition neurosis. Subsequently, it turned out that similar physiological functional changes were found in the body and the "observer" - a monkey, which looked just as in its presence punish another.

But congenital are not all emotionally expressive expression. Some of them have been found to have acquired CSA as a result of training and education. First and foremost, this conclusion applies to gesture as a way of cultural expression caused by external emotional states and affective relationship rights to anything.

Life without emotion just is not possible, and without emotion. Emotions, claimed the famous naturalist Darwin C. emerged in the course of evolution as the means by which living creatures determine the significance of certain conditions to meet their urgent needs. Emotional and expressive rights movement - body language, gestures, pantomimic - function of communication, that is. Communication of information on the status of the person speaking and its relation to what is happening at the moment, as well as the impact of the function - providing a certain influence on the person who is a subject of perception emotionally expressive movements. Interpretation of such movements perceive humans occurs on the basis of movements correlate with the context in which communicate.

U of higher animals, and especially in a person with expressive movement language became subtly differentiated by which living beings share information about their status and what is happening around them. This - expressive and communicative function of emotions. They are the most important factor in the regulation of cognition.

Emotions act as an internal language, as a system of signals whereby a subject learns of the relevance of what is happening. The peculiarity of emotions is that they directly reflect the relationship between motives and the realization satisfying explanation of this activity. Emotions in human-evaluating its role in the implementation and results. They organize activities, promoting 'and sending it.

In critical situations when an entity's failure to find a quick and reasonable way out of the dangerous situation there a special kind of emotional processes - passion. One of the major manifestations of passion is that it is "imposing actor stereotypical actions is a certain evolution in the way " emergency "permission situations: flight, catalepsy, aggression and the like."

At a major mobilization, Al-protective emotions at one time indicated K. P. Anokhin. He wrote: "By performing almost instantaneously integration (merging into a single whole) of all body functions, emotions themselves in the first place may be a useful signal to the harmful effects of sludge on the body, often even before the effects of localization and identified a specific mechanism response organism ". Due to time caused emotions organism is able extremely beneficial to the ambient conditions. It is in a position to quickly respond with great speed to the external impact is not yet identifying its type, shape, other private specific parameters.

Emotional feelings biologically, in the evolution established as a unique way to keep living in his best borders and warn of a destructive nature of excess or shortage of any factors.

The more difficult for organized living being, as a higher stage in an evolutionary ladder, it is, the richer a range of all sorts of emotional states that it is able to survive. The quantity and quality of human needs, in general corresponds to the number and diversity inherent in its emotional experiences and feelings, and the higher demand for its social and moral significance, the vozvyshennee associated with feeling.

The oldest origin, and the simplest, most common among living beings form of emotional distress - is the pleasure you receive from meeting the requirements of organic and dissatisfaction associated with the inability to do this when appropriate escalating needs. Virtually all elementary organic feeling have their emotional tone. On the close relationship that exists between emotions and activities of the body, said the fact that every emotional state is accompanied by many physiological changes in the organism. Attempts to link these changes with specific emotions and had repeatedly been designed to prove that organic complexes changes that accompany subjectively experienced by different emotional states, different. But clearly establish which of the data we subjectively as differing emotional distress accompanied by what organic changes, it was not possible.

This fact is significant for the understanding of the vital role of emotion. It shows that our subjective experiences are not immediate, direct reflection of their own organic processes. With features we endured emotional states are linked, probably not so much their accompanying organic changes, but encountered in this feeling.

Nevertheless, a certain relationship between the specificity of emotional feelings and reactions in organic yet available. he expressed as a next obtaining experimental confirmation connection: the closer to the central nervous system is a source of organic changes associated with the emotions, and the less it sensitive nerves, so when this occurs less subjective emotional experience. In addition, the artificial lowering of organic sensitivity leads to a weakening of force emotional distress.

Major emotional states, which is people fall into proper emotions, feelings and affects. Emotions and feelings anticipate the process aimed at meeting the needs of nature and are like at the beginning of it. Emotions and feelings express the sense of the situation for a person in terms of relevance to the needs of the moment, its importance to the forthcoming meeting the act or activity. Emotions can be called as a real or imaginary situations. They, like feelings, a man perceived as its own internal experiences are transferred to other people,.

Emotions relatively little apparent in the external behavior, sometimes even invisible to the outside of foreign persons, if people can hide their feelings well. They, along with a act, not even always understood although any behavior, as we have seen, is related to emotions, as directed at meeting the needs. The emotional experience of Rights generally much larger than that of its individual experiences. Feelings rights, in contrast, apparently very visible.

Emotions and feelings - personal education. They characterize human social and psychologically. Highlighting the importance of proper personal emotional processes, VK Vilunas writes: "Emotional event may trigger the formation of new emotional relationships for different circumstances... The object of love-hate becomes all that we become an entity as a cause of pleasure-displeasure. "

Emotions usually follow Update motive and to assess the adequacy of rational activity subject to it. They have a direct reflection, experience relations, and not their reflection. Emotions are able to anticipate the situation and the events that really have not yet occurred, and emerge with about previously experienced or imagined situations.

Feelings are also substantive in nature, are associated with the submission of a certain idea or object. Another feature of feelings is that they have improved and evolved, formed several levels, ranging from immediate feelings and sentiments to the highest related to the spiritual values and ideals.

Feelings are historical. They are different in different people and can be expressed in different ways in different historical epochs people belonging to the same nations and cultures.

Individually Human Development feelings play an important role socialization. They act as a significant factor in the formation of identity, particularly its motivational sphere. Based on the type of positive emotional experiences and feelings appear set human needs and interests.

Feelings - a product of cultural and historical development rights. They relate to certain objects, activities and people surrounding rights.

Feelings perform in the life and work rights, in its communication with other people motivating role. With regard to the surrounding world of people seeking work just to reinforce and strengthen their positive feelings. It has always been associated with the work of consciousness, can arbitrarily regulated.

Affects - especially expressed emotional states accompanied by visible changes in the behavior of a person who is experiencing them. Affect not prefaced behavior, but as a refocused on its end. This is a reaction that occurs as a result of the act or already act and expresses a subjective its emotive in terms of the extent to which the result of the commission of the act has been achieved that goal, meet its demand.

Affects perceptions contribute to the formation of so-called affective complexes expressing a perception of the integrity of certain situations. The development is subject to the following law passion: the more powerful is the source of conduct motivational impetus, and the more effort had to spend to realize its less total gained from all this, the stronger the emerging passion. In contrast to the emotions and feelings affects moves rapidly, quickly followed by changes dramatically expressed organic reactions and propulsion.

Affects tend to hinder the normal organization of conduct, its reasonableness. They are able to keep strong and sustainable in the long-term memory traces. Unlike the work affects emotions and feelings on the advantages associated with short-term memory and operational. Emotional tension, as a result of accumulated affekgogennyh situations may summed and sooner or later, if it is not time to exit, lead to severe emotional and violent defuse that removing tension, often leads to a feeling of tiredness, send, depression.

One of the most common species in our day is a stress affects. It is a condition of too strong and prolonged psychological stress, which arises from the human nervous system when it gets emotional overload. Stress human activities, in breach of the normal course of his conduct. Stress, especially if they are frequent and prolonged, have had a negative effect not only on the psychological state, but also to physical health. They constitute the main "risk factors" when and aggravation of diseases such as cardiovascular disease and gastrointestinal tract.

Passion - another type of complex, a peculiar and found only a human emotional states. Passion is an alloy of emotions, motivations and feelings, concentrated around a particular activity or object. The object can be a man of passion. SL. Rubinstein wrote that the "passion is always expressed in concentration, and thoughts of a major forces, their focus on a single objective Passion means impulse, passion, the orientation of the individual aspirations and forces in one direction, concentrating them on the same goal.

We described a peculiar basic emotional states and processes that perform different roles in the regulation of human activity and interaction with other people. Each of these types of emotions inside himself has subspecies, but they, in turn, can be judged by different parameters - for example, the following: the intensity, duration, depth, awareness, origin, the conditions of the rise and fall, the impact on the body, the dynamics of development, direction (for themselves, for others, for peace, for the past, present or future), by way of expression in the external behavior (expression) and neurophysiologic basis.

Apart from the quality and the description of the appropriate classification emotional states presented above, in the history of psychological research also sought their merger on general grounds in a more compact system. One such attempt B. Vundtu belongs. "The entire system of feelings - he wrote - can be defined as the diversity of the three dimensions, where each dimension has two opposite directions, excluding each other".

In the coordinate system, asked the three dimensions and can be placed on the relevant parameters to characterize all known processes, and emotional state. It should be recognized, however, that thus their quality specifics, details provided above. valid psychological content is largely lost.

In their discussions about the emotions B. Wundt not only confined itself to attempt their classification in accordance with the scheme, but has offered to some hypothetical curves expressing, in his view, changes the dynamics of the typical emotional states for each of the aforementioned measurements .

If under those curves look at different types of emotional processes, they will be very different from one another in both dimensions. The lowest vertical oscillation amplitude of the curve is likely to be linked to the sentiments, and the largest - with passion. At the same horizontal line will be inverse relationship: the longest time will be saved mood, and less - affects.

Emotions, therefore, differ in many ways: on modalities (quality), intensity, duration, awareness, depth, genetic source, complexity, the emergence of conditions, function, effects on the body. On the latter of the aforementioned parameters divided into emotions.